See 証 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 証 meaning in All languages combined (12.5kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"証 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜口一卜一 (YRMYM), four-corner 0161₁, composition ⿰訁正)"
],
"id": "en-証-mul-character-jMZtq60S",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"訁",
"訁#Translingual"
],
[
"正",
"正#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shinjitai",
"Simplified Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "証",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"redirects": [
"證"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "When the lord errs, (his advisors) compete against each other in admonishing and correcting him.",
"ref": "From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE",
"roman": "Zhǔ yǒu shī, jiē jiāo zhēng zhèng jiàn. [Pinyin]",
"text": "主有失，皆交爭証諫。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]\n主有失，皆交争証谏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to admonish"
],
"id": "en-証-zh-character-SuehIXuk",
"links": [
[
"admonish",
"admonish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to admonish"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"sense": "to admonish",
"word": "諍"
},
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"sense": "to admonish",
"word": "诤"
}
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zheng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zing³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chêng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jenq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "jing³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsìng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zexng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsyengH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*teŋ-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tjeŋs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*teŋ-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*tjeŋs/"
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 5 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to admonish"
],
"id": "en-証-ja-character-SuehIXuk",
"links": [
[
"admonish",
"admonish"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-5-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "證",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 5 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 45 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prove, verify"
],
"id": "en-証-ja-character-TZFVhmNF",
"links": [
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"verify",
"verify"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-5-kanji",
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "明かす",
"2": "あかす",
"3": "to illuminate; to reveal",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "明かす",
"2": "あかす",
"3": "to illuminate; to reveal"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”).",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "証",
"ruby": [
[
"証",
"あかし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "akashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あかし"
},
"expansion": "証(あかし) • (akashi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"友",
"ゆう"
],
[
"情",
"じょう"
],
[
"証",
"あかし"
]
],
"text": "友情の証\nyūjō no akashi\nsymbol of friendship"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, evidence, testimony"
],
"id": "en-証-ja-noun-M5ncLY1L",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "証拠"
},
{
"word": "証明"
},
{
"word": "証"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あかし"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ka̠ɕi]"
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "證"
},
"expansion": "證 (MC tsyingH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 證 (MC tsyingH)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "証",
"ruby": [
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょう"
},
"expansion": "証(しょう) • (shō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Police captain: “Do you have proof that the other party put his hands on you first?”",
"ref": "1889, 三遊亭圓朝, edited by 鈴木行三, 霧陰伊香保湯煙, 新字新仮名 edition, 青空文庫",
"roman": "Kei “Senpō kara saki ni tedashi o shita shō ga aru ka”",
"ruby": [
[
"警",
"けい"
],
[
"先",
"せん"
],
[
"方",
"ぽう"
],
[
"先",
"さき"
],
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"出",
"だ"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"text": "警「先方から先に手出しをした証があるか」"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, verification"
],
"id": "en-証-ja-noun-sLUFoBHh",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"verification",
"verification"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "証拠"
},
{
"word": "証"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enlightenment"
],
"id": "en-証-ja-noun-gSP8V95z",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"enlightenment",
"enlightenment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) enlightenment"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Traditional Chinese medicine",
"orig": "ja:Traditional Chinese medicine",
"parents": [
"Alternative medicine",
"Medicine",
"Pseudoscience",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 15 10 3 22 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "CJKV simplified characters which already existed as traditional characters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 5 3 27 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 6 4 23 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 12 8 6 22 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 27 5 3 20 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"symptoms"
],
"id": "en-証-ja-noun-T4QT6VHz",
"links": [
[
"traditional Chinese medicine",
"traditional Chinese medicine"
],
[
"symptom",
"symptom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(traditional Chinese medicine) symptoms"
],
"tags": [
"Chinese",
"traditional"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jeong",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "정",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "jeong",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "chŏng",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "ceng",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "Han characters",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "정",
"tr": "jeong"
},
"expansion": "証 • (jeong)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "정",
"mr": "chŏng",
"rv": "jeong",
"y": "ceng"
},
"expansion": "証 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"id": "en-証-ko-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "chứng",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "chống",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "chững",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "chừng",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-証-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "証",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"redirects": [
"證"
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese verbs",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese literary terms",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien verbs",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "When the lord errs, (his advisors) compete against each other in admonishing and correcting him.",
"ref": "From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE",
"roman": "Zhǔ yǒu shī, jiē jiāo zhēng zhèng jiàn. [Pinyin]",
"text": "主有失，皆交爭証諫。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]\n主有失，皆交争証谏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to admonish"
],
"links": [
[
"admonish",
"admonish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) to admonish"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zheng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zing³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "chêng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jenq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "jing³"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsìng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zexng"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "tsyengH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*teŋ-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*tjeŋs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"other": "/*teŋ-s/"
},
{
"other": "/*tjeŋs/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"sense": "to admonish",
"word": "諍"
},
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"sense": "to admonish",
"word": "诤"
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"categories": [
"CJKV simplified characters which already existed as traditional characters",
"Grade 5 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しやう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あか-し",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あかし",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading いさめる",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading しるし",
"Japanese kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading あきら",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading つく",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading み",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 証",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to admonish"
],
"links": [
[
"admonish",
"admonish"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-5-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"categories": [
"CJKV simplified characters which already existed as traditional characters",
"Grade 5 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しやう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あか-し",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あかし",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading いさめる",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading しるし",
"Japanese kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading あきら",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading つく",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading み",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 証",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "證",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"prove, verify"
],
"links": [
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"verify",
"verify"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-5-kanji",
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"categories": [
"CJKV simplified characters which already existed as traditional characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 証",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "連%用%形",
"2": "れん%よう%けい",
"3": "stem or continuative form"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "明かす",
"2": "あかす",
"3": "to illuminate; to reveal",
"pos": ""
},
"expansion": "明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "明かす",
"2": "あかす",
"3": "to illuminate; to reveal"
},
"expansion": "連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”).",
"name": "ja-etym-renyokei"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the 連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 明(あ)かす (akasu, “to illuminate; to reveal”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "証",
"ruby": [
[
"証",
"あかし"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "akashi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あかし"
},
"expansion": "証(あかし) • (akashi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"友",
"ゆう"
],
[
"情",
"じょう"
],
[
"証",
"あかし"
]
],
"text": "友情の証\nyūjō no akashi\nsymbol of friendship"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, evidence, testimony"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "証拠"
},
{
"word": "証明"
},
{
"word": "証"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あかし"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ka̠ɕi]"
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"categories": [
"CJKV simplified characters which already existed as traditional characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 証",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "しょう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "證"
},
"expansion": "證 (MC tsyingH)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 證 (MC tsyingH)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "証",
"ruby": [
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しょう"
},
"expansion": "証(しょう) • (shō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Police captain: “Do you have proof that the other party put his hands on you first?”",
"ref": "1889, 三遊亭圓朝, edited by 鈴木行三, 霧陰伊香保湯煙, 新字新仮名 edition, 青空文庫",
"roman": "Kei “Senpō kara saki ni tedashi o shita shō ga aru ka”",
"ruby": [
[
"警",
"けい"
],
[
"先",
"せん"
],
[
"方",
"ぽう"
],
[
"先",
"さき"
],
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"出",
"だ"
],
[
"証",
"しょう"
]
],
"text": "警「先方から先に手出しをした証があるか」"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proof, verification"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"verification",
"verification"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "証拠"
},
{
"word": "証"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"enlightenment"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"enlightenment",
"enlightenment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) enlightenment"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"ja:Traditional Chinese medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"symptoms"
],
"links": [
[
"traditional Chinese medicine",
"traditional Chinese medicine"
],
[
"symptom",
"symptom"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(traditional Chinese medicine) symptoms"
],
"tags": [
"Chinese",
"traditional"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jeong",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "정",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
},
{
"form": "jeong",
"tags": [
"revised"
]
},
{
"form": "chŏng",
"tags": [
"McCune-Reischauer"
]
},
{
"form": "ceng",
"tags": [
"Yale"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "Han characters",
"sc": "Kore",
"sort": "정",
"tr": "jeong"
},
"expansion": "証 • (jeong)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"eumhun": "",
"hangeul": "정",
"mr": "chŏng",
"rv": "jeong",
"y": "ceng"
},
"expansion": "証 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China",
"Chinese terms with redundant script codes",
"Han script characters",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"証 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜口一卜一 (YRMYM), four-corner 0161₁, composition ⿰訁正)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"訁",
"訁#Translingual"
],
[
"正",
"正#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shinjitai",
"Simplified Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "chứng",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "chống",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "chững",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "chừng",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "証"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"証"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"証"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"証"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"証"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "証",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"証"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "証",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.